Out of Bounds

Have we pushed the Earth beyond habitable conditions?   Twenty four years ago, Govindasamy Bala was a young physicist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the USA. He and his colleague, Ken Caldeira, were carrying out research using a comprehensive climate model. For the first time, they wanted to test an improbable and controversial […]

Soil Sleuths

Geotechnical engineers, who investigate soils and their properties, play an important and sometimes overlooked role in civil engineering   A vacation on a Spanish beach in the 1960s sparked a revolution in the construction industry. French engineer Henri Vidal was piling up sand to build a sand castle when he realised that no matter how […]